Saturday, October 20, 2018

Stockland, IL: Junction: Aban/C&EI Branch vs. KB&S/Milwaukee/CTH&SE

KB&S = Kankakee, Beaverville & Southern Railroad
CTH&SE = Chicago, Terre Haute & Southeastern Railway

My 1928 RR Atlas shows the CE&I branch ran straight west from Freeland Park to Milford Junction. The only trace of it today is some rather arbitrary boundaries between farm fields.

Satellite plus Paint
The CTH&SE still exists as the KB&S

Eric Berg posted six photos with the comment:
STOCKLAND, ILLINOIS--After Webster tower came Stockland Tower at MP 92, where the Milwaukee Road crossed the C&EI's Freeland Park Branch. Here are some older photos, each labeled. 3 Photos from 1936 are taken by John W. Barriger.
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John Karn at Stockland tower (1906)

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Stockland tower, 1936. 

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Stockland tower, 1936.

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Stockland tower, 1936.

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C&EI info.

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Track Chart, 1942.
 The town's grain elevator was built along the C&EI branch. It appears they have built a train loading facility along the KB&S and truck grain toit from their main facility.

Satellite
Google Map does not label the grain elevator, but it is obviously active because a truck is parked at the scale house.
The branch still appeared on a 1940 system map:
r2parks
But it is not on a 1955 System Map.


Thursday, October 18, 2018

Reevesville, IL: CN/IC Coaling Tower and Depot

Satellite

Illinois Central Railroad Heritage Association shared two photos with the comment: "From the Metropolis History page."
[Comments indicate towers are still standing in Carbondale, IL; Council Bluffs, IA; Gilman, IL; Centralia, IL; Bluford, IL; and Central City, KY.]

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Stephen N. Brannon That northbound coal train from Paducah is most likely stopped and waiting for a southbound train to pass since there are train orders on the extended order forks where my grandfather is standing waiting to be snared "on the fly" by the crew of a southbound train, the top fork for the engine and bottom fork for the caboose. There was a long 258 car plus engine passing siding at Reevesville which was used as "double track" with northbound trains, such as the train in the photo, using the track in the left of the photo and southbound trains using the other track. This was the longest passing siding on the "Edgewood Cutoff" fast freight line, completed in 1928, between Edgewood, Illinois and Fulton, Kentucky. Trains from Paducah entered that line at a junction called Chiles at the south end of the Metropolis railroad bridge.

Note the coaling tower in teh background.
Stephen N. Brannon posted
A busy train order job in its day. The IC at Reevesville, Illinois where my grandfather was Agent 1914-1954, on the Edgewood Cutoff Fast Freight Line avoiding the grades, curves, large towns, and highway grade crossings of the original north-south main line via Centralia, Carbondale, and Cairo. In all the years I knew it I never even once, day or night, saw the order boards in either direction set at '"clear." All trains received orders at Reevesville on all three tricks. I took this photo, looking north, in 1958.
It all changed dramatically in 1961 with the coming of CTC on the Bluford District of the St. Louis Division. Operator jobs were cut and train order depots demolished. As engineer Frank Marberry, who lived next door to my grandparents in Reevesville, said to me sadly, "It's not the I.C. we knew."
I fully realize the utility and safety aspects of CTC, but yet something real of the human element in railroading was lost with the demise of operators and train orders. I remember engineers and conductors saying to me how much they valued the friendly and reassuring "all's well" highball wave of operators when their trains passed open train order offices, especially in the night. Just the sounds of operators repeating train orders to dispatchers, along with the background clicks of telegraph sounders, were a valued part of railroading culture.
Richard Fiedler shared
Richard Fiedler shared

2 of 7 photos posted by Illinois Central Railroad Scrapbook.
a
Illinois Central tracks at Reevesville, IL, on the Bluford District (a.ka. Edgewood Cutoff), looking north. The Golconda District split away from the mainline, to the right. Circa 1959. Photographer unknown, Cliff Downey coll.
Allen Hartman: Apparently the motorcar must have just been put on rails as there a caboose on that track probably going north.

b
IC SW7 9421 switches the yard at Rosiclare, IL, circa 1959. IC assigned steam power to the Paducah-Rosiclare local as late as 1957-58, hence the need for the water tank seen to the left. Photographer unknown, Cliff Downey coll.

Michael Wright shared
I found this cool old coaling tower this weekend. I waited around to try and catch a train going under it,but no luck. I found this gem in Reevesville,Illinois.
Rick Evans N on them tracks is the only tunnel on the ic ...you have to park at a church and hike in..they say tunnel is full of snakes
Cliff Downey Rick Evans. There are three tunnels along the Edgewood Cutoff, not just one. The CN also has a tunnel on the Iowa Division at East Dubuque, IL. On the former Kentucky Division there is still a tunnel at Dawson Springs, and there used to be one further north at the summit of Rosine Hill. IIRC there was also one further south at Vicksburg, MS, and a short tunnel on the line to Madison, WI.
Satellite plus Paint

Jim Pearson Photography posted
CN Elgin Jolliet & Eastern Heritage Unit
Canadian National 3023, the new Elgin Jolliet & Eastern Heritage unit, (EJ&E) leads loaded coke train U700 under the old Illinois Central coaling tower, left over from the steam era, as it heads south on CN’s Bluford subdivision on a misty overcast day at Reevesville, Illinois on November 21st, 2020.
According to a press release from CN: This is one of six locomotives representing the railways that have joined their team since their privatization, 25 years ago. Each one features the colors of the railway at the time it merged with CN as well as the logo specially created to commemorate the quarter century of our IPO. These acquisitions propelled our service farther than any other North American railway, similar to our IPO propelled CN to new heights. The engines release so far are BC Rail; Grand Trunk West; CN; Illinois Central; Wisconsin Central; and Elgin, Joliet & Eastern.
According to Wikipedia: A coaling tower, coal stage or coaling station was a facility used to load coal as fuel into railway steam locomotives. Coaling towers were often sited at motive power depots or locomotive maintenance shops.
Coaling towers were constructed of wood, steel-reinforced concrete, or steel. In almost all cases coaling stations used a gravity fed method, with one or more large storage bunkers for the coal elevated on columns above the railway tracks, from which the coal could be released to slide down a chute into the waiting locomotive’s coal storage area. The method of lifting the bulk coal into the storage bin varied. The coal usually was dropped from a hopper car into a pit below tracks adjacent to the tower. From the pit a conveyor-type system used a chain of motor-driven buckets to raise the coal to the top of the tower where it would be dumped into the storage bin; a skip-hoist system lifted a single large bin for the same purpose. Some facilities lifted entire railway coal trucks or wagons. Sanding pipes were often mounted on coaling towers to allow simultaneous replenishment of a locomotive’s sand box.
As railroads transitioned from the use of steam locomotives to the use of diesel locomotives in the 1950s the need for coaling towers ended. Many reinforced concrete towers remain in place if they do not interfere with operations due to the high cost of demolition incurred with these massive structures.
Tech Info: DJI Mavic Mini Drone, JPG, 4.5mm (24mm equivalent lens) f/2.8, 1/160, ISO 200.
I appreciate that you pick interesting contexts for your photos such as grain elevators, bridges, coaling towers, etc.

Jim Pearson Photography posted
BNSF and CN meet at Reevesville, Illinois
On January 2nd, 2020 a loaded BNSF grain train sits in the siding at Reevesville, Illinois as a empty CN coal train heads north, on CN’s Bluford Subdivision, under the old Illinois Central Steam Train coaling tower.
According to Wikipedia: A coaling tower, coal stage or coaling station was a facility used to load coal as fuel into railway steam locomotives. Coaling towers were often sited at motive power depots or locomotive maintenance shops.
Coaling towers were constructed of wood, steel-reinforced concrete, or steel. In almost all cases coaling stations used a gravity fed method, with one or more large storage bunkers for the coal elevated on columns above the railway tracks, from which the coal could be released to slide down a chute into the waiting locomotive’s coal storage area. The method of lifting the bulk coal into the storage bin varied. The coal usually was dropped from a hopper car into a pit below tracks adjacent to the tower. From the pit a conveyor-type system used a chain of motor-driven buckets to raise the coal to the top of the tower where it would be dumped into the storage bin; a skip-hoist system lifted a single large bin for the same purpose. Some facilities lifted entire railway coal trucks or wagons. Sanding pipes were often mounted on coaling towers to allow simultaneous replenishment of a locomotive’s sand box.
As railroads transitioned from the use of steam locomotives to the use of diesel locomotives in the 1950s the need for coaling towers ended. Many reinforced concrete towers remain in place if they do not interfere with operations due to the high cost of demolition incurred with these massive structures.
Tech Info: DJI Mavic Air 2 Drone, JPG, 4.5mm (24mm equivalent lens) f/2.8, 1/120, ISO 400.

Mary Rae McPherson posted
As was mentioned in the comments on a roster shot of Illinois Central GP40U #3101 wearing an early "new image" paint scheme, the locomotive had teamed up with GP38-2 #9619 in pulling a director's special.
Here is that special, which was photographed on November 1, 1987.

Mary Rae McPherson shared



Monday, October 8, 2018

Johnstown, PA: Cambria Iron Works and Bethlehem Johnstown Steel

(A HistoryHAER3D Satellite, the 1864 octagon building is the oldest surviving building. The other two parts of the blacksmith shop were completed in the 1870s and 80s.)


As I figure out the details, I'm moving photos to site specific notes and turning these notes into an overview. So far, I have:
 
Jackson-Township historical preservation posted
View through Autumn leaves looking from the Inclined Plane over Downtown Johnstown in 1961. In the photo you can see the Point Stadium and a portion of the Bethlehem Steel works.
Frederick Urbasik: Center of pic is the Blast Furnace in Bethlehem Lower Cambria works. Each furnace had a Coke oven plant.
Phil Jadlowiec shared

epa.gov from CMU

Jackson-Township historical preservation posted
Car half buried in mud in Conemaugh, looking towards the Bethlehem Steel Mills in Franklin Borough during the Johnstown Flood of 1977.
(Photo from Milissa Ann)
Joseph Hauzie shared
The Johnstown Steel Plant during the flood of 1977, hope this picture is allowed.
Tom Ray: Worked that night 11 .7 coke plant
John Connelly Sr.: Tom Ray they kept us there for for days ,slept there and they brought food for us to eat daly.nasty time
Mike Abernethy: I remember that 12 inches of rain in less than 24 hrs
 
safe_image for Johnstown: Remembering the Great Flood of 1889

Erik Nordberg updated
This week's cover photo is from the blacksmith shop at the Cambria Iron Company in Johnstown, PA. This drop hammer has been preserved and is still operated on a limited basis by Center for Metal Arts.  Photo is from the Library of Congress, as collected by the Historical American Engineering Records, HAER PA-110-A https://www.loc.gov/resource/hhh.pa2288.photos/?sp=24
Information on the Center for Metal Arts: https://centerformetalarts.org/

Don Cassata posted
This a pix of the Cambria Iron Co. Axle Plant workers dated August 9, 1898. Cambria Iron Co. was founded in Johnstown in 1852 & was responsible 4 many innovations in early steelmaking. The best & brightest came to Johnstown to learn how 2 make better Iron & steel. It later became Cambria Steel. The plant became under the ownership of Bethlehem Steel in 1923.

Don Cassata posted
A 1951 booklet on Johnstown Plant Bethlehem Steel. 1951.
Barry Bennett: Looks like that one is right out of the soaking pits.
Poppy Jason Majo: Some people will never appreciate or understand what it’s like to stand beside 3000 deg of barely solid steel as it solidifies. I appreciate my time spent making steel that now makes our world a better place.
Joseph Kaemerer: I worked 46 years at the old Inland Steel mill (1974 - 2000) as a mechanical rigger. Worked many man-hours on pit-cranes, stripper-cranes, hot metal and mill cranes. pit-cranes were the hottest .
Graham Whitfield: We called them Charger Cranes, had four of them charging and emptying 36 Soaking Pits.
Likewise Continuous Casting closed the Slabbing Mill in 1988.
Ricky Daniel: Graham Whitfield we had one stripper crane and three pit cranes if i remember right i think we had 16 soaking pits for heating the ingots.
Peter M. DeStefano: How hot do they keep the soaking pits? Are they covered?
Don Cassata: Peter M. DeStefano I believe it's in the 1800 degree range. Hot enuff 2 roll, but not 2 hot 2 melt. They had sliding pit covers on them. We actually made pit covers in the Boiler Shop.


Don Cassata posted
An early photo of the Kelly Converter. An early steelmaking process pioneered in Cambria Iron Co. 1860's.
Randy Wilson: They were using the Bessemer process over in England before any one started it up here in the U.S.
Dennis DeBruler
Randy Wilson It is true that England, with their better capital, put it into production sooner. But let's be clear that Kelly invented it. Kelly started in 1847 and had his process working by 1851. Bessemer got a patent in 1855, but Kelly waited until 1857 and then soon went bankrupt. It wasn't until 1864 that a steel mill used the "air-boiling process" in the U.S.
("As early as 1847, Kelly began experimenting with what he called an air-boiling process in which he forced air into molten iron. By 1851, he apparently was beginning to produce steel in this cost saving manner. Apparently, there is some evidence that those working with Bessemer in England had learned about what Kelly was doing in Kentucky and tried to imitate the process." http://detroit1701.org/Eureka%20Iron%20Works.html)

Mike Theisler commented on Don's post
 
Randy Wilson commented on Don's post
The Pennsylvania Steel Company. 1st steel plant built in America.
Now owned by Cleveland-Cliffs
Dennis DeBruler
Randy Wilson In 1864, Eureka Iron Works in Wyandotte, MI, was the first to use the Kelly/Bessemer Process.
Randy Wilson
Dennis DeBruler I agree however, The Pennsylvania Steel Company was the first plant built specifically to make steel. They were not a converted Iron company.
Dennis DeBruler
Randy Wilson So Pennsylvania Steel was the first "greenfield" steel plant. That is a significant distinction.

Don Cassata posted
A view of my home away from home. Early 1970's pix of Lower Cambria Division Johnstown Plant Bethlehem Steel.
Lon Shaffer: At night Franklin looked like hell with the lid off!
Pat Palumbo: Those blast furnaces produced ferro manganese, which is essential in iron making. Today it is manufactured in electric arc furnaces. The US has no manganese ore.
Steve Podplesky: This pic ( for those not from here) is only a fraction of what was the Johnstown Plant--BETHLEHEM STEEL CO. It goes on for miles along the Conemaugh River. Remarkably, a few of the divisions are still open under different owners. Basic steel making was finished years ago. FYI, I worked in the riggers during the 70's.
 
Don Cassata posted
A 1957 pix of Bethlehem Steel's Lower Yard in Lower Cambria. Johnstown Plant.

Don Cassata posted
An early 80's photo of "Smitty" & Larry Rhoades in Lower Cambria's historic 1864 Blacksmith Shop. Johnstown Plant Bethlehem Steel. The Steam Hammer they r working on is now owned by the Smithsonian Museum. The Blacksmith Shop is being restored & will once again be a working shop. It's a rare occasion that any of these buildings survive & r put back to their original use.
Tim Soom: In the early 1980's I got a bid job on the Hammer in the Blacksmith Shop of the Homestead Works. Watching the seasoned operators with both hands moving the two different levers... made it look so simple. I tried, tried my best just did not have the co-ordination to operate it safely...had to give the bid up.

Don Cassata posted
A 1905 postcard of the Cambria Steel Co. Later, Bethlehem's Lower Cambria Div. The Bessemer is on the right.

Daniel J. Morrell, the driving force behind Cambria Iron, financed William Kelly's steelmaking experiments. Cambria Iron owned "the Gautier Steel mill that made its steel into rods, barbed wire, and agricultural implements." [ExplorePA]

uncoveringpa
The large steel hammer still sits inside the Cambria Iron Works.
[It is owned by the Smithsonian Institute and leased to the redevelopment authority, johnstown-redevelopment]

I learned about this company from this comment:
Mike Frioio commented on his posting about Pennsy's Chief Engineer, William H Brown
 The Cambria Iron Works, still stands today as seen here. Apparently the city has brought in an iron working organization to teach and do demonstrations in the original forge.
[These more modern buildings down by the Stone Bridge are used by JWF Defense SystemsThere have also been floods in 1936 and 1977. [johnstown-redevelopment] So the Stone Bridge has passed at least a couple of tests.]

This shows the 1977 flood.
Don Cassata posted
This photo was taken the morning of July 20, 1977 of the Stonycreek River in Johnstown, Pa. before it crested and destroyed our city for the 3rd time over a 100 year period. The difference between this flood & the 1889 & 1936 floods is, this one killed our economy, & essentially killed our once-thriving town. Cambria Iron & later Bethlehem Steel stayed & rebuilt the mills. 77 was the last nail in the coffin for Johnstown & Johnstown Plant.
Trevor Shellhammer: Unless I'm wrong, the 77 flood caused Beth Steel to shut down the blast furnaces and change to electric arc furnaces for steelmaking, and install a big honkin' EAF, which they ran for years, still pouring ingots, including leaded free-machining steel grades??

"The iron industry first came to the Johnstown area in the 1840s, roughly a hundred years after it was first begun in southeastern Pennsylvania. Within a few years, the industry grew large enough that the Cambria Iron Company was formed in 1852." The buildings in the Lower Works survived the 1889 flood that wiped out much of the town (also ExplorePA) and the Blacksmith Shop dates back to 1864. Its ownership went through a succession of corporations until it was sold to Bethlehem Steel in 1923. It was shut down in 1992 and 12,000 people lost their jobs. The oldest part of the iron works was purchased in 1998 and 2003 by the Johnstown Redevelopment Authority and is being brought back to life. "At the height of the iron and steel industry in Johnstown, mills occupied 13 miles of riverfront along the rivers in and around the city, and employed thousands of workers." [uncomeringpajohnstown-redevelopment]

Chad Allan Bercosky posted
Bethlehem Steel Johnstown PA.1975
Kevin Tomasic: Please credit the photographer--David Plowden. It is one of his famous photos.

In 1853:
The erection of four coke blast furnaces, puddling furnaces and a rolling mill to make railroad rails was begun. It was here that William Kelly made experiments in 1857 with a converter into which air was blown through liquid pig iron to burn out the impurities. The old converter is still kept at the Locust Street offices of Cambria Steel. In a legal contest later, Kelly was given patent rights to his invention on the grounds of priority over the Henry Bessemer discoveries and process. In the same year John Fritz invented and put into operation the first "three high roll," a device which greatly reduced labor costs and vastly speeded up the process of rolling steel.
[History of Cambria Steel]
During the mid-1870s Cambria was the largest rail producer in America." [TheVintageNews]


65 photos  Another share of the same album. There are also several interior shots of the "Gautier 9" #2 Mill." A sign indicated that Bethlehem Steel stretched out along the river for 12 miles. The complex included the Steel Car Shop that made freight cars on an assembly line. I couldn't resist noting two of the photos as "a" and "b" below.
a
These two blast furnaces had to be from the 1800s. They appear to be cylindrical rather than the lantern shape that we are used to seeing.

b
The "sand slinger" in the #2 Foundry. After the patterns had been placed in a mold, this would fill it with sand. According to some comments, it was a maintenance headache.
 
Josh Gruse posted
Johnstown PA back in the day.
William Carla Swain: Worked in the Car Shop (both Franklin, Shell plant, and the one down by the Point)from 1972 through 1982. Did some time in the Coke Plant. Prior to that I worked at USSteel.
 
Darlene Lipuma commented on Josh's post
Husband retired after 35 years of welding railroad cars for Bethlehem/Freight Car America in Johnstown. It's a field now. Entirely gone. Everything you see in this picture....is gone. Taken while they were tearing it all down.
James Torgeson: Always vying for #1 with Pullman-Standard in Bessemer, AL!

Don Cassata posted
This may be the last photo taken of Bethlehem's Electric Furnace in Johnstown shortly before the plant closed in 1992. Republic Steel then purchased it & it survived another 4 years before they folded their tent.
Matt Wilks: BarTech was the initial owner that had a investment group backing. Republic bought it afterwards as BarTech had trouble after investing in new caster. The original plan was using used caster purchased in Argentina but they ended up installing new and only using parts from used one. They shutdown in 2000-2001.
Mike Daniels: We tore that down in 05/06 hauled to the port of Baltimore and they shipped it to Turkey.
Matthew Peters: In case you haven't realized it yet, Republic was invented to murder pension plans.

Kevin Peterson posted
Electric Furnace Meltshop. Johnstown Plant. #Bethlehem #Steel. 1991. The Plant closed in 92, but Republic Steel continued for another 4 years until closing.

Bob Ciminel posted
Bethlehem Steel, Johnstown, PA, date unknown.
Jeff Toth: Complete with dressy fedora!
 
Don Cassata posted
This 1951 photo is of the Wheel Plant. Johnstown Plant Bethlehem Steel. Another piece of history was leveled recently when the former Wheel Plant was razed.
Dennis DeBruler: Johnstown had a lot of Bethlehem plants. Where was this one?

They started with their own coal mine nearby.
Remembering Bethlehem Mines posted two photos with the comment: "1954 Johnstown Mines."
James Torgeson shared with the comment: "A coal mine at the Bethlehem Steel Johnstown Plant."
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